Athen Acropolis
The ancient Greek art is the art that popular in the 15th BC to the 1th BC in Greek and the surrounding areas.It is regarded as the main source of Western Art.Treasuring reality is the prominent feature of the ancient Greek art.Common people of God in the ancient Greek mythology makes the ancient Greek art be curious about the human body modeling.And the ancient Greek art is not only popular in the Greek's world but also having influence on the surrounding areas through the way of trading,such as the Truglia area. After the establishment of Alexander empire the ancient Greek art spread to the East world.And it was emulated and absorbed by Romans after Roman conquering Greek.Winckelmann,German scholar,was the first to systems research the ancient Greek art.In the late 1870s,lots of work of art were discovered one after another via the work of archeology in Greek and enriched people for the understanding of ancient Greek art.
【Development】
The development of ancient Greek art was closely bounded up with the ancient Greek's history and society.Generally,it was divided into 4 stages,namely:
§ the dark period(12th century BC - 7th century BC)
§ Archaic period (7th century BC - 6th century BC)
§ Classical period (5th century BC - BC 4th century)
§ Hellenistic period (4th century BC - 1st century BC)
The Greek art was affected by the East art at the end of late Homer's period,so this period was also called the Esat period.And the Classical period was considered as the peak of ancient Greek art.
Homer period
Homer period(12th century BC - 8th century BC) was named after the ancient Greek poet Homer,also known as the Greek Dark Ages.The civilization near the Aegean tended to decay after the Trojan War. It's difficult to get valid information due to lack of historical data in that age. So it only could be judged by the archaeological finds. There were potteries decorated with geometric style pattern unearthed in parts of Greek..These decorations throughout the clay surface, including geometric-shaped linear pattern, birds and animals pattern and pedestrian patterns. And most of the the sacrificial victims pottery bottle is the performance of the funeral, or heroic scenes of the dead.And some depict the daily life of the ancient Greekse depict the daily life of the ancient Greek.This period laid the foundation for the development of ancient Greek art.
Archaic period
7th century BC, the ancient Greek art got progress along with the further development of ancient Greek society.Frequent exchanges of ancient Greece and the eastern world made the period of ancient Greek art by the art of the Eastern world in the early Archaic period. Late period, the ancient Greek art gradually formed its own style.There were two basic pillar style in archaic Greek column - Duo Like column and Ionic which came into being respectively in the western and eastern parts of Greece. And the building materials, stone gradually replaced wood materials.Carving art, in order to express the inner feelings of the characters, the character modeling often smiling gesture known as "archaic smile".The ancient Greek sculptor made a lot of progress on the realistic techniques .Vase painting paintings have appeared on the black painted style and red-painted style
The second half of the 6th century BC vase painting black painted style works: sailing on the Dionysian Dionysus
Classical period
Greece celebrated its peak after the end of the war in Bohemia, until the Macedonians conquered Greece, this period is called the classical period.Classical period is generally divided into three stages, namely the classical early (490 BC - 450 BC), the classical mediumterm (450 BC - 410 BC), classical late (4th century BC). The classical early the art had the traces of the Archaic period, so this period was also known as the "transition period".Classical medium-term, especially in Athens, due to the master of a large number of property of the Delian League, coupled with the trade of the Aegean Sea, the reforms of Pericles, the Athens social development reached its peak.These objective conditions supported Athens flourished in the arts.The completion of a series of buildings, making Athens during this time was built into a beautiful city.In other areas of Greece, there were many cities in the new building each unique.Classical late, due to the impact of the Peloponnesian War, a series of war, the Greek world tended to decline. Art Center gradually transferred from Athens to Peloponnese and Asia Minor coast.4th century, the Macedonians took the opportunity to invade and conquer Greece.Classical era came to an end.
Architecture, the famous temples of this period, the Temple of Zeus in Olympia, the Statue of Athena Parthenos and Athens Parthenon Temple opened successively built.4th century BC, the last pillar of the three pillar-Corinthian had came into being. As to the, sculpture,there were lots of famous men, such as Phidias and Polygnotus,both them left to posterity many enduring masterpieces.The painting, on the formation of the two main school, are the Xikeweng School and Athens School. Perspective and other skills also made not small progress.The technique of red painted style of bottle painted got further development, a white painted techniques came into been .
Discus Thrower of Myron
Hellenistic period
After conquered Greece and Persian Empire,Macedonians established the empire of Alexander. Although the empire's existance was very short, but inherited many of its Hellenistic kingdoms existed in the Eastern world continues for centuries.The Hellenistic era refers Macedonians conquered Greece to Egypt Ptolemaic conquered by Romans period, roughly from the 4th century BC to the middle of the 1st century. During this period, the eastern region of ancient civilization and the ancient Greek art exchange interaction.Art shifted from the service of public social services to the nobility.Pergamum in Asia Minor became the center of Greek art.Urban construction was highly regarded and the original temple in the city center became a trade Square.Carving art began around prospered by producing many geographic school: The Greek mainland, Alexandria, Pergamum, Rhodes School.Pergamum Zeus altar was built in the 2nd century BC, has a beautifully embossed.Painting, decorative painting murals and independence Vice were developed.
First century BC Rhodes School late works: Laocoon and his sons
【Architecture】
Public buildings was important social activities for the ancient Greek city~state residents.The ancient Greek citystate often spended significant resources for the construction of the public buildings, such as the temple building and theatre building and the memorial monument to praise the polis .The Greek era, the king's burial chamber became the important construction sites.
Temple
Temple occupied an important place in the ancient Greece's building. Temple building developed constantly and roughly trend was that temple of wall surface gradually replaced by column.By the early end of the pillar (in the side wall of the stand two pillars), evolved into a front porch (front wall, stand four columns), before and after pillar (back and front same canceled wall using the column)Wai pillar (around using column). Wai pillar temple later became typical of the ancient Greek temple architecture.Hellenistic period , the temple will be more decorative double Wai pillar. Slightly different style will be in different areas of the temple. The early temple building material use of wood and stone to the 7th century Greeks gradually. The famous temple of the temple of the temple of Zeus at Olympia, the Temple of Hera, 100 Meadows, the Parthenon in Athens, Erechtheum Temple and Pergamum Zeus altar
Column type
Ancient Greece art columns are quite extensive, the famous three-column respectively, Dolique column, Ionian columns, Corinthian order. Arising from the 7th century BC Doric columns column is known as the column of men, 20 notches up the first column the height to diameter ratio is 6:1, then switched to 7:1. In the middle of the 6th century BC Ionic column~pillar 24 concave grooves, ratio of height to diameter or 8:1. In 7th century BC Corinthian order is one of the most decorative column, but it is less than the first two broad application. In Greece of steering column began in the era of more decorative features, original load~bearing function started to decrease. The ancient Rome five-column was produced under the influence of ancient Greek column type.
Three pillar of ancient Greece
【Sculptures】
Ancient Greece sculptures generally uses the myth subject , also uses history. Engraving material used on marble or bronze. Very few original bronze statue are preserved. Ancient A lot of imitationthe made by Romans were an important means to study Greece sculptures.Ancient Greece sculpture art although in the cloning process would change. Also help raise awareness of cultural relics discovered in ancient Greece engraving art.
An important characteristic of statue in ancient times is often used on the "smile of antiquity". With the endless pursuit and exploration of artists, sculptures to keep the development of realism. Ideal face shape (an oval face, straight nose, flat amount, almond eyes, facial expression serious), this face is later ancient Greece art model. Classical era was ancient Greece engraving era of prosperity, MINNEN are famous sculptors of the early classical era. Feidiyasi is a Pate architects of the Parthenon in Athens, he had created for the temple at 12 meters statue of Athena. Boliukelietesi is Weng sculpture representative of the school of ARGOS~shake grams. He is also a renowned art theorist. Pate of Parthenon in Athens and the Pergamon Zeus altar in relief works are regarded as ancient Greece engraving art boutique. Ancient Greece famous sculptor Praxiteles, keliexiulasi, feilataimeng and liuxibosi. Greece portrait sculpture in the age of great development, demand for portrait sculpture of this and it is inseparable.
【Painting】
After the 20th century, ancient Greece people categorized artists are turning to the classification of paintings. Early pottery was often highly decorative patterns, the two styles emerged one after another in the 7th century BC and the 5th century BC ancient Greece painted bottle of two important techniques, known as the black-painted style and a red-painted style. These two styles are in red and black at the end of stroke, and black with red strokes. Classical painters mastered perspective and shading techniques. Artists signed on the bottle art, famous sculptor of sub Polygnotos, Agatharcgos, Apelles .
【Impact】
Ancient Greece art not only in Greece prevailed in the world, also influence through trade, cultural exchanges and other means in ancient Greece around the region, such as yiteluliya, tomb murals of local developed was ancient Greece art effects. In yalishandadi after the establishment of ancient Greece art is spread to the East, Greece in the East, ancient Greece art combined with original art, interact with each other. In India, Gandhara, ancient Greece art has influenced the local Buddhist art followed, but carry logos and art to the East spread, affecting the East Asian art, statues of Apollo style appears in Dunhuang, folds of modeling of Chinese Buddha can be seen in ancient Greece art of shadow. In the Roman conquest of Greece, ancient Greece art absorbed by the Romans followed and, and development.
Gandharan Buddhist sculpture in India